The aesthetic quality of the blur produced in out-of-focus parts of an image.
The arrangement of visual elements within a photograph to create a pleasing and impactful image.
A compositional guideline that divides an image into nine equal parts using two horizontal and two vertical lines.
Natural or artificial lines within a composition that guide the viewer's eye through the photograph.
A style that emphasizes simplicity and uses negative space to create strong visual impact.
A photographic technique using long exposures and moving light sources to create unique illumination effects.
A lens with a fixed focal length, typically offering superior optical quality and wider maximum apertures.
A filter that reduces reflections and glare while increasing color saturation and contrast.
A filter that reduces the amount of light entering the lens without affecting color, allowing for longer exposures or wider apertures.
The opening in a lens through which light passes. Measured in f-stops (e.g., f/1.8, f/2.8), it controls depth of field and light intake.
A measure of the image sensor's sensitivity to light. Higher ISO values allow for shooting in darker conditions but can introduce noise.
The length of time the camera's shutter remains open to expose the sensor to light. Controls motion blur and exposure.
The relationship between aperture, shutter speed, and ISO that determines the exposure of a photograph.
Close-up photography that captures extreme detail, typically with a 1:1 or greater magnification ratio.
Candid photography that documents everyday life in public spaces.
Photography of astronomical objects, celestial events, and the night sky.
Photography focused on capturing animals in their natural habitats, often requiring specialized equipment and techniques.
A genre focused on capturing the personality, mood, and likeness of a person or group of people.
The period shortly after sunrise or before sunset when natural light is warm, soft, and ideal for photography.
The period just before sunrise or after sunset when the sky takes on deep blue hues.
The use of artificial light sources to illuminate subjects in low-light conditions or to create specific lighting effects.
Measured in millimeters, determines the angle of view and magnification of your lens. Longer focal lengths create more telephoto views.
The distance between the nearest and farthest objects that appear in acceptably sharp focus in an image.
The closest distance at which a lens can be focused while keeping objects at infinity acceptably sharp.
A reduction in image brightness or saturation at the periphery compared to the center of the image.
An uncompressed file format that captures all image data recorded by the sensor when taking a photo.
A type of distortion where colors appear as fringes along high-contrast edges in a photograph.
The process of measuring the amount of light in a scene to determine optimal exposure settings.
The range of light intensities a camera can capture in a single exposure, from the darkest shadows to the brightest highlights.
High Dynamic Range photography combines multiple exposures to capture a greater range of tones than possible in a single shot.
Taking multiple shots of the same scene with different exposure settings to ensure optimal exposure.
A technique of combining multiple images taken at different focus distances to achieve greater depth of field.
A technique where images are captured at set intervals and combined to create a video showing the passage of time.
A digital focusing aid that highlights in-focus areas of an image in real-time, particularly useful in manual focusing.
Technology that reduces blur from camera shake, either through lens or sensor movement.
Traditional photography using light-sensitive film to capture images, requiring chemical processing.
A systematic method for determining optimal exposure in photography, developed by Ansel Adams.
